Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
The Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (ISSN 2994-9521) is a distinguished, double-blind, peer-reviewed publication that operates on a monthly basis. Dedicated to advancing the frontiers of knowledge, this esteemed international journal serves as a vital platform for academics, researchers, and educators to share their profound insights and expertise with a global audience. With an unwavering commitment to excellence, EIMJ publishes cutting-edge research that delves deep into multifaceted topics, enriching the scholarly landscape. Emphasizing the significance of rigorous evaluation, the journal boasts a swift and meticulous peer review process, ensuring the dissemination of high-quality and well-vetted contributions to the academic community worldwide.
Social Connection, Media and Its Impact on Indian Politics
In this 21st century social media play a crucial role in Indian politics; political leaders and parties use social media for various political activities and spreading political awareness. Social media is the important source of public opinion formation. It has also raised the direct participation of people in the political process in India and in turn led to the success of democracy. The present paper focuses on the different social media platforms, their uses by the people and its impact on the Indian politics.
Copyright (c) 2025 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
Role of Guidance and Counselling in Shaping Career Choice among Senior Secondary School Students in Emohua Local Government Area, Rivers State
The study was set out to investigate the effect of guidance and counselling services on career decision-making processes of senior secondary school students in Emohua Local Government Area, Rivers State. With two research questions and two corresponding hypotheses, the study was descriptive survey in nature. The tar get population was all students in the public secondary schools of Emohua, from which a sample of about 900 stu dents was selected with the stratified random sampling technique at 25% proportion to achieve demographic equilibrium. The instrument developed by the researcher was called "Guidance and Counselling Impact on Career Decision-Making Questionnaire (GCICDMQ)" Reliability of GCICDMQ measured using Cronbach Alpha ranged from 0.82 to 0.89 during initial test administration phase. The study questions were answered through the use of means and standard deviations, while hypotheses were tested using independent t-tests with a significance level set at 0.05. The findings revealed that counselling interventions have been highly instrumental in rendering the students towards appropriately informed careen options resulting from improved self-awareness and reliable occupational information, the focus of their interests with vocational programme, and mismatched aspirations. Important barriers known were the shortage of counsellors and irregularity in career advising sessions. Therefore, suggestions were centered on the need for more vocational counsellors, career seminars as part of curriculum activities and also in conclusion to collaborate with industries within the locality for mentor programs and embedding career guidance within regular academic schedules in an effort to fine-tune students' occupational choices. Finally, the study has confirmed the key role of guidance and counselling in helping secondary school students in Emohua develop purposeful and viable career decisions.
Copyright (c) 2026 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
Developing Professional Competence in Law Students Through Legal English
Legal English strengthens law students’ professional competence most effectively when it is taught as legal work rather than as isolated language practice. This article presents an English for Specific Purposes (ESP) teaching model organized around the tasks law students must perform in study, practice, and assessment: close reading of cases, case brief writing, complaint-letter writing, debates, role plays, moot-court simulations, and presentations on criminal cases. The model targets three connected outcomes: accurate legal terminology in context, structured legal reasoning, and confident professional communication, and it supports TOLES readiness by building legal vocabulary-in-context and controlled grammar through repeated, exam-relevant performance tasks. The TOLES system includes Foundation, Higher, and Advanced levels, with official online exam formats and level descriptors available to candidates.
Learner Autonomy in The Legal English Classroom (Evidence from Tashkent State University of Law)
With mastering professional skills as well as the language proficiency in ESP, learner autonomy comes to light as a prerequisite for successful learning in ESP. This study investigates learner autonomy in the Legal English class of Tashkent State University of Law, specifically the impact of autonomy-oriented teaching on the students’ learning behaviors, motivation, and autonomous output of Legal English. A qualitative-mixed methods (questionnaires, classroom observations and semi-structured interviews of undergraduate law students) study was conducted to investigate the use of classroom questioning at a university in Victoria, Australia. The results show that these autonomy-supportive Practices increase students' interest, self-management and, self-efficacy in dealing with legal texts and legal tasks. This led to an improvement in students' self-determination in setting their own learning objectives, independent research of legal resources, and introduction of Legal English in real-life contexts. Time management and self-evaluation skills, to be developed gradually with appropriate guidance, were mentioned as challenges areas, especially for learners previously accustomed to teacher-centered learning. The study highlights the necessity of promoting learner autonomy at the Centre of Legal English teaching and offers implications for teaching ESP in legal contexts.
independent learning; professional language competence
Cross‑Cultural Phonation Patterns as Indicators of Emotional States in Film
This research aims to analyse how phonation types—modal, breathy, creaky, falsetto, and whisper—signal emotional states in film dialogue. The study examines English dialogues from the 1991 American romantic comedy Father of the Bride and compares it with a Karakalpak movie, Civilizaciya(Civilization), to identify cross-linguistic and cultural differences in emotional voice quality. Auditory phonetic analysis of selected scenes—primarily regarding vocal fold vibration, airflow, and voice quality changes and their context of emotion. Results reveal that phonation variation signals specific emotions and enhances audience understanding of character psychology, while differences between the two films suggest that cultural prosody and acting traditions drive differences in the production and interpretation of emotional phonation.
A Comparative Analysis of Ethical Behavior Models in Karakalpak and English Ethnic Communities
This study examines ethical behavior in British and Karakalpak cultures through a cross-cultural analysis of linguokinemes—kinetic units of language that convey social and ethical norms. Based on 19th-century literary texts and contemporary sources, we analyze the use of handshakes, physical contact, gaze, and facial expressions, highlighting both commonalities and differences in ethical norms and social interaction styles. The methodology includes categorization of positive, negative, conditionally positive, and conditionally negative nominations, construction of thematic clusters, and comparison within and between cultures. Results reveal that handshakes and physical contact are used differently across the two cultures, reflecting historical, religious, and social influences, while gaze and facial expressions serve as significant indicators of passive-aggressive behavior and emotional attitudes. The study demonstrates that variations in laughter and smiles, as well as the frequency and type of kinesic actions, can inform psycholinguistic profiles and deepen understanding of cultural expectations, ethical norms, and social cohesion within and across ethnolinguistic communities.
Assessment of Educational Program Evaluation in Senior Secondary Schools in Rivers State Based on Wheeler’s Cyclic Model
This study investigated the assessment of educational program evaluation in senior secondary schools in Rivers State based on Wheeler Cyclic Model. Correlational research design was employed for the study. Three research questions and three null hypotheses guided the study. The population of the study consists of 2,850 teachers from both public and private senior secondary schools in the study area. The simple random sampling technique was used to draw 200 teachers as the sample size of the study of the study. Data was collected using self-designed questionnaire titled: Wheeler’s Cyclic Model and Program Evaluation Scale (WCMPES) and validated by experts in measurement and evaluation. The corrections and contributions made by experts were built into the final drafting of the instruments. 0.86 was obtained as a measure of internal consistency using Cronbach Alpha statistical formula. Data obtained were analysed using Pearson Product Moment Coefficient to answer the research questions and tested the null hypotheses at 5% probability level. The results showed that (i) teachers’ relate moderately to effective program evaluation assessment, (ii) teachers’ integrating Wheeler’s cyclic model significantly relate moderately to practicing program evaluation in senior secondary schools, (iii) teachers’ facing the challenges in applying Wheeler’s cyclic model in programme evaluation in schools. Recommendations were made for further improvement.
Curriculum Development and Program Evaluation
The Importance of Employees in Biotechnology Enhancement
A study was conducted to determine the opinions of workers in the biotechnology industry about the importance of employees in improving biotechnology. A questionnaire was distributed to 10 participants and the data was collected and analyzed. The purpose of this study is to determine the opinions of workers in the biotechnology industry about the importance of employees in improving biotechnology. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 10 participants in the biotechnology industry. The results indicate that employees play a crucial role in improving biotechnology by innovating new ideas and thinking creatively. The conclusions indicate that employees play a crucial role in improving biotechnology and that involving employees in decision-making helps to innovate new ideas and maintain employee happiness. The study recommends involving employees in decision-making, providing training opportunities and conferences for employees, and encouraging employees to innovate new ideas. A review of the literature was also conducted to examine the role of employees in improving biotechnology.
Darkness at the Roots: Generation of Life and the Birth of Stories Amidst Darkness in Karnad’s Naga-Mandala
Karnad’s Naga-Mandala is replete with darkness. Darkness is all around— in the “sanctum of a ruined temple” (1), in the homes from where the flames and the narrators of stories arrive, the darkness is in the locked room of Rani, in the streets of the villages at night, in Kurudavva’s blind eyes, in the anthill and in the darkness of the storyteller’s heart awaiting the birth of a story. Everywhere that darkness prevails in the different corners of the play, whether in the sanctum or the cemetery, everywhere is a ground that swells with the prognostication of a story. The Naga’s transformation into a lover and Rani’s transformation into a mother are all magical spells of the darkness. The darkness breeds stories and holds the potential of making them real. The transmigration from Rani’s dreams to the reality of her existence is studied in this article as the mystery of her life make her a deity and her realization of sexuality give her a realization of her identity.
THE ROLE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN LANGUAGE ACQUISITION AND VOCABULARY DEVELOPMENT
Phraseological units, commonly known as idioms and fixed expressions, play a significant role in the process of language acquisition and vocabulary development. This article examines the cognitive, linguistic, and pedagogical functions of phraseological units in enhancing learners’ lexical competence. It highlights how the acquisition of idiomatic expressions helps learners understand figurative meanings, improve communicative fluency, and strengthen their overall linguistic intuition. The study also explores the relationship between phraseological competence and vocabulary expansion, arguing that exposure to idioms fosters deeper semantic processing and long-term retention of new lexical items. Furthermore, the article reviews effective instructional strategies that integrate phraseological units into language teaching, emphasizing the advantages of contextual learning and corpus-based approaches. The findings suggest that systematic incorporation of phraseological units into educational frameworks can significantly improve learners’ linguistic proficiency and communicative competence.
THE USE OF CONNECTING ELEMENTS AS A FIGURATIVE TOOL IN THE CONNECTING CONSTRUCTION
This article examines the use of connecting elements as a figurative tool in German literary texts. The importance of figurative means in the simple and effective expression of the idea given in the main statement is discussed, and the possibility of figurative elements expressed in the form of figurative words and phrases in the form of a construction can describe the appearance, inner world, characteristic features, and actions of the heroes of the work of art. Based on the results of research by linguists in this area, the use of figurative elements as figurative means in examples from fiction is analyzed.
Theoretical, Conceptual, and Technological Model for Shaping Professional Competencies in The Dual Education System
This article scientifically and theoretically illuminates the theoretical, conceptual, and technological aspects of shaping professional competencies within the framework of the dual education system. Based on general scientific principles of modeling and the classification of pedagogical models, a systemic model of dual education was developed, consisting of methodological, activity-technological, and results-based levels. The research results propose a technological model comprised of functional-structural, technological-process, criterion, and outcome components, which ensures the integration of educational institutions and production enterprises. This model serves to progressively develop professional competencies, enhance students' practical training, research potential, and technological culture. The proposed approach is assessed as a scientific and practical solution aimed at improving the dual education system, enhancing the quality of education, and increasing the adaptability of graduates to the labor market.
The Relevance of Open Educational Resources in The Teaching and Learning of Environmental Adult Education
The role of sustainability education in adult learning and the rise of global environmental challenges. Introduction Open Educational Resources (OER) are seen as a means for democratizing knowledge and allowing open, inclusive and lowcost access to educational resources. This paper investigates the utility of OER in Environmental Adult Education (EAE), a crucial field for empowering adults to be environmentally-sustainable, cope with climate change and become ecological citizens. Based on transformative learning theory and connectivist pedagogy, this paper provides a critical analysis of the way OER supports content delivery,active learning and reduces inequity in environmental education. Based on worldwide trends, cases from Africa, and Nigerian experiences, the research identifies the prospects and challenges of OER-integration within EAE programmes. The paper concludes with some policy direction aimed at enhancing OER infrastructure, content localisation and institutional capability in adult learning ecosystems.
Effective Methods for Enhancing Students’ Emotional Intelligence in The Education System
This research illustrates effective approaches in relation to how we can promote emotional intelligence in the education system, given its importance at the individual level while attaining academic performance, experiencing psychological well-being, and establishing healthy socio-emotional interactions. While emotional intelligence is well-established as a driver of learning, very little is known about the ways in which the educational environments themselves can provide systematic development of students emotional, social, and reflective skills. Through qualitative analysis of evidence-based psychological theories and practices in the educational field, the study assesses four domains of emotional intelligence self-awareness, self-management, social-awareness, and relationship management, discussing challenges related to students, teachers, and socio-cultural misunderstandings around emotional literacy. The findings indicate that the integration of interactive practices, role-playing, reflective exercises, and teacher-training practices lead to significantly improved empathy, communication, conflict management, and resilience in students. This shows that school climate and relationships with teachers are considered separate constructs yet the results show that emotionally supportive climates and strong teacher-student relationships underpin emotional growth and academic performance. The findings indicate that educational institutions need to implement formal emotional-intelligence programs, improve psychological services, and establish monitoring systems to help both teachers and students. Encouraging emotional intelligence skills not only improves learning skills but also contributes to the consolidation of emotional intelligence, social competence and mental health in the long run.
learning process or educational process'
The History of the Development of Children’s Literature
This article examines the historical development and pedagogical–didactic significance of children’s literature, with a particular focus on the works of Dr. Seuss. The study explores the evolution of children’s prose across key stages of its formation, emphasizing both universal and national characteristics reflected in literary texts. By analytical and descriptive methods, the study ascertains the features of narrative patterns, poetic devices, and character depictions, and how each of these aids in the educational, psychological, and moral development of young readers. Focusing on the distinctiveness of Dr. Seuss stories artistically to show how these stories help in fostering and stimulating reading motivation, cognitive development, and value-based thought in children. The analysis is significant in that it reflects a continued relevance of children's literature as a foundational aspect of early education, underlining the presence of literary narrative within modern pedagogues.
The Impact of Virtual Reality (VR) on Cognitive and Emotional Engagement in Higher Education
The current study investigates the impact of VR on cognitive and emotional engagement in higher education as a critical mechanism for understanding the influence of immersive technologies on attention, motivation, and depth of learning among students. Unlike many traditional methods that fail to keep learners engaged, VR provides multisensory, interactive environments that could potentially enhance the learning experience. Your research employed a mixed-methods design that included pre/post assessments, surveys, and semi-structured interviews with 50 undergraduate students in four weeks of VR-based learning sessions. The results showed that VR increases cognitive engagement when measured through the performance of attention and problem-solving tasks and emotional engagement based on the levels of interest, enjoyment, and intrinsic motivation. Students found VR to be more engaging and meaningful than lectures, highlighting the potential of VR for creating a better visualization of abstract concepts and for creating a safe environment to practice real-life situations. Results show that VR can deepen learning, inspire reflective thinking, and create opportunities for experiential and student-centered education. Yet, issues like technical issues, motion sickness, and, most importantly, the need for instructional design should not be overlooked. This paper recommends VR as one of the pedagogical tools to be used in an integrated fashion and posits recommendations regarding long retention, discipline-specific and VR with emerging EDU tech efficacy research.
The Role of AI-Based Teaching and Assessment in Developing the Spoken Competence of ESP Learners
The previous studies generally have been suffering from a lack of continuous oral production with personal feedback, and this paper investigates the contribution of AI-powered teaching and assessment to ESP learners' spoken competence While verbal interaction is essential for academic and career achievement, conventional teaching often does not provide the necessary immediacy and individualized nurturing required for perfecting the skill. The study employed a mixed-methods design, involving 40 ESP students who participated in pre-/post-tests, questionnaires, interviews, and machine-mediated oral activities. The integration of intelligent tools like automated speech recognition and real-time feedback systems were implemented over six weeks, helping learners keep close tabs on how they progressed in terms of fluency, accuracy, pronunciation and confidence. Results indicate significant oral proficiency gains that include greater fluency in speech production and increased ability to enunciate discipline-specific vocabulary. The non-judgmental and on-demand nature of AI practice also led to learners feeling less anxious and experiencing a greater sense of agency. While some technical issues persisted, teachers pointed out that immediate feedback facilitated quicker self-correction. In conclusion, study results indicate that while teacher-less AI can provide ESP oral training, it is the combination with teacher guidance that reinforces ESP oral training. The study highlights the importance of modern curriculum integration and proposes AI-augmented environments can forge more supportive, adaptive and learner-centred pathways to developing spoken competence. Long-term effects across a range of ESP fields should be investigated in future study.
Enabling ECCD-Based Activities for Kindergarten Learners
This study assessed the readiness skills of kindergarten learners in the West 2 District of Mandaue City Division for the school year 2024-2025 as a basis for crafting interactive learning activities. Findings revealed that learners exhibited "High Readiness" in gross motor, fine motor, self-help/adaptive, social/emotional, receptive and expressive language, and cognitive skills. Strong motor skills, social interactions, and language development indicated preparedness for formal schooling. Among the profile variables analyzed, parental education and family income significantly influenced school readiness, with children from financially stable and well-educated households demonstrating superior preparedness. In contrast, birth order and the number of siblings showed no notable effect, emphasizing the more significant impact of external factors such as parental involvement and teaching methodologies. Given these findings, the study recommends integrating interactive learning materials to enhance skill development and address disparities among learners. Hands-on activities, digital resources, and play-based learning strategies can support children from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds, fostering inclusive and equitable early education.
The Dilemma of Fintech Lending and Qris on Micro-Interest Practices in Indonesia's Digital Ecosystem
Fintech Lending and QRIS are being hawked as financial inclusion but in effect they have now created the new form of micro-interest practices. High annual effective interest rates on digital loans and transaction costs (MDR) for small merchants threatens to ensnare micro-economic actors into a fresh underwater debt trap,” says the report, adding that the amount of as much as Rs 500-600 could have transformed a tool of empowerment into a financial noose. A literature review of this kind is library research. Qualitative content and conceptual analyses of the data served as data analytic methods. The study concluded the following: 1). (a) Speeding up financial inclusion: the dual role of fintech lending and QRIS in opening access is that fintech lending and QRIS act as two speeding gears for financial inclusiveness. Fintech lending offers immediate credit access for the unbanked, and QRIS supports digital transactions of MSMEs (UGM 2019; Gany et al. The two form a virtuous cycle: QRIS produces transaction data, which Fintech Lending then uses to determine creditworthiness and allocate capital. 2). What’s behind that convenience: When we dig beneath the shiny veneer of paying by app, it becomes abundantly obvious that there is a hefty price tag. Fintech lending Then there’s the issue of the low daily interest rates when you convert them to annual ones, which can be very high (30% -100% +). 3). The crux of the matter – democratization of access vs. digital debt trap in micro-interest This is because what is at heart is a contradiction between democratization of access and the nature of debt, that EMI. In fact easy access to credit and small payments can have the ironic effect of keeping users from paying off their loans, as they compound interest more quickly than they can pay them down.
Copyright (c) 2024 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
ANALYSIS OF THE UJRAH CONCEPT BASED ON EMPLOYEE PERFORMANCE RESULTS FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ISLAMIC ECONOMIC LAW AT THE SIMPANG 7 ULEE KARENG CHICKEN STALL, BANDA ACEH CITY
This research is based on the employee wage distribution system at the Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Uslee Kareng stall in Banda Aceh City, depending on the policies and practices of the stall management, namely Rp. 100,000 per day, which will be given based on the day of work. Employees who interact directly with customers such as waiters or cashiers get a share of the tips given by customers. This type of research uses a qualitative method. This research is included in the field research category with a case study approach. The data sources in this study are the Owner or owner and employees of the Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Ulee Kareng stall in Banda Aceh City. Data collection techniques were carried out through interviews, observations and documentation studies. Meanwhile, the data validity test in this study uses triangulation techniques. Researchers use triangulation techniques. The results of the study show that 1). The practice of providing employee wages at Warung Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh City is that salary payments at Warung Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Ulee Kareng are carried out consistently every month on the 1st of the following month through the cash method, which makes financial management easier for the shop owner. 2). The review of Islamic economic law regarding the practice of providing employee wages at Warung Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh City is that the practice of providing wages at Warung Ayam Geprek Simpang 7 Ulee Kareng, Banda Aceh City is in accordance with sharia provisions which emphasize justice, transparency, and social responsibility.
Islamic Legal Review of the Practice of Renting Rice Field Land in an Annual System
The accession of land for paddy rice landhe (rice field) leasing has met most of the Islamic Legal Principles. Yet, there should be certain stipulations for an clarification in the agreement and use of written contracts to keep away from possible friction in the future. This research uses a method of literature study, that is, the research with a focus on taking the data by collecting some relevant literature. The findings of this study are the followings: 1). The method of implementation of the customary annual rice paddy land lease is by the agreement between the landlords and tenants on an annual basis, when it comes to payment whether in cash or kind (in the community). The average rent is calculated by land size, quality of land and harvest yield. 2). The strategy of implementing annual rice paddy land lease in the village is by having implementation mechanism, consisting of activities: exploration and negotiation, oral or written rental agreement; tenant uses the land; and evaluation after the lease period. Trust, is for now the primary basis- although documentation is incrementally being lend on! 3). Islamic legal view on the practices of rice paddy leasing on an annual basis in society, if it fulfils all the conditions required granted in a valid contract namely aqid (clarity between parties), subyek (asset) for rent, mithl (rental amount) and rada wa qabul (mean consent and agreement), then this practice is consistent with the principles of ijarah contract in Islamic law. But there are some weaknesses like the existence of gharar when contract is oral due to ambiguities in the terms.
Copyright (c) 2023 Excellencia: International Multi-disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521)
Analysis of The Practice of Ijarah from The Perspective of Islamic Economic Law on Cattle Breeding in The Gampong Reudeup of Montasik District
An analysis of ijarah practice related in cattle farming in Reudeup Village, Montasik District based on Islamic economy law are sometimes multidimensional problems to behighlightened. The objectives of this research are to describe the practice of ijarah from Islamic economic law in the activity of cattle farming at Reudeup Village (Kecamatan Montasik). The one used in this bill is a qualitative method which applied fieldwork's approach. Data analysis procedures include data reduction, data display and conclusion drawing. The research findingsindicate that 1). Cattle leases in Reudeup Village are managed well due to clear lease process, proper documentation and good relationship between the lessor and the lessee. 2) The cattle-leasing in Reudeup Village is generally conducted based on Sharia. In this village the key underpinning of livestock leasing contracts is fair, transparent and accountable principles. Every lease has its limitations in real terms all the rights and duties of both sides are fairly recorded, which is commitment to fairness and understanding of transactions. The contract also shows the importance of clear, transparent agreements, including profit sharing and whose care responsibilities will be.
Cooperative Learning and Comprehension of Geography: Challenges Teachers Face in the North West and South West Regions of Cameroon
With the need to quail pressure from educational stakeholders to improve the performance of geography learners at certification examinations in Cameroon, teachers have delved into the use of cooperative learning which has been proven by research to be efficient in increasing performance and facilitating skills acquisition. This study investigated the challenges geography teachers face in using cooperative learning to facilitate the comprehension of geography in secondary schools in the Fako and Meme divisions of the South West region and Mezam division of the North West region. The descriptive survey was adopted for the study. A sample size of 138 geography teachers was used. Questionnaire and interview guide were the instruments for data collection with reliability of 0.897 coefficient Cronbach alpha. The data were analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively. Data were entered using EpiData version 3.1 and exported to SPSS version 25.0. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistical tools while qualitative data were analyzed using thematic analysis approach. Findings indicated that, 21.93% geography teachers used cooperative learning while 78.93% teachers used traditional teaching methods such as brain storming, lecture, discussion and fieldtrip. 63.22% of teachers faced challenges implementing cooperative learning in teaching geography. It is therefore highly recommended that training seminars and workshops be organized for in-service teachers and a training course be introduced in teacher training colleges on cooperative learning. Teachers should also read about cooperative learning and constantly practice the teaching method.
The Pedagogical Heritage and the System of Spiritual Values of the Uzbek People
The following article is a wide-ranging and insightful treatment of the pedagogical heritage and national values of the Uzbek people. It examines how centuries of oral folklore, tradition, and traditional child-rearing practices have influenced the transmission of knowledge, morality, and social behavior across generations. It also focuses on the knowledge and faith heritage left behind by the greatest scholars, ideas that still flourish in modern education. Emphasis on the importance of the family where a child grows up learning to respect elders, to care for the young, to possess a sense of connectivity, honesty, patience, compassion and solidarity are the values central to this concept of growth. Such values not only keep their cultural identity but also play its part in the upbringing of responsible young men and women of today.
EVOLUTION OF UZBEKISTAN'S LABOR MARKET OVER THE PAST THREE YEARS: EMPLOYMENT DYNAMICS, IN-DEMAND PROFESSIONS, CHANGES IN REMUNERATION, AND THE IMPACT OF ECONOMIC REFORMS ON THE LABOR MARKET
The present research paper is focused on analyzing the shift in the labor market of Uzbekistan from 2022 to 2024 by looking at the aspects of employment, wage trends, and the impact of economic reforms on the workforce growth. Among numerous other factors, the digital transformation initiatives, like 300 priority projects which are a part of the “Digital Government” and “Digital Region” programs, have played an essential role in the restructuring of the sectors while simultaneously creating a huge demand for technologically competent professionals. The sector of sales and customer service registered the most significant activity, covering 11.4% of the overall vacancies and showing a 92% increase in job openings.
Formation of National Identity Understanding in Primary Grade Students on the Basis of National Culture and Traditions
In this study, we are going to consider the formation of national identity and self-awareness in primary school students by including national culture and traditions into education. It should be noted that from the theoretical point of view, the early school years are a period of fundamental importance, namely from 7 to 10 years of age, of the education of understating about one’s own roots and one’s own belonging to society. As for the knowledge gap, it is related to the superficial attitude to develop self-awareness based on national values in the modern, quite globalized educational space. To find a possible resolution to the problem, the theoretical knowledge and the practical results of work with primary school students were used based on the study of methods of teaching using folklore, customs, and traditional values of the spiritual and moral culture of the peoples. Pedagogical means are associated with the following: the inclusion of national tales, songs, proverbs in the process of learning the Russian language and fine arts; the organization of “National Clothing Week,” “Traditions Festival,” “Pancake Day,” and other cultural events. The results show that the culturally rich educational process helps children to develop a sense of national pride, social responsibility, and morality in pupils. It has been also found that teachers’ cooperation with the parents institutes supports strong rapprochement between students and national culture. It is important to note that from the educational point of view, the use of national culture in the program allows one to form an independent, thinking individual, nationally conscious, able to combine its foundation with modern.
Pragmalinguistic Features of Collocations in Literary Texts: A Comparative Study of English and Uzbek Languages
The present study investigates the pragmalinguistic features of collocations in English and Uzbek literary texts through a cross-linguistic perspective. Despite the growing body of research on collocations focusing on semantic and structural properties, the pragmatic side of the phenomenon – how collocations encode culture, emotion, and speech context – should be explored in more detail, especially from a contrastive perspective involving two typologically and culturally different languages, such as English and Uzbek. To achieve this goal, the study is conducted using a corpus-based methodology and qualitative pragmatic analysis involving the works of Virginia Woolf, Ernest Hemingway, Abdulla Qodiriy, and Oybek. Following Sinclair’s method, collocations were identified using Hoey and Leech’s approaches, focusing on their communicative and cultural functions. The results of the study indicate that English literary collocations show higher creative flexibility employing different stylistic devices, such as irony, defamiliarisation, or a higher degree of emotionality, through a change in the traditional meaning of words, while Uzbek literary collocations are characterised by their higher degree of formulaic stability and culture-specific references symbolising collective values, intertextual traditions, and metaphorical expressions rooted in the Persian-Arabic heritage. The findings indicate that differ on their pragmatic mechanisms, where the English language prioritizes linguistic innovation and the creation of a personal style in the context of individual writing, and the Uzbek language is based on the experience of a culturally stable set of speech associations inherent in the collectivity. Such notions stress that translation of collocations should not only be based on semantic considerations but also on the acquisition of a certain level of collocational culture as a part of achieving communicative and cultural competence.
Telling Women’s Lives: A Study of Nirmal Prabha Bordoloi’s Autobiography “Jeevan Jeevan Bor Onupom”
Autobiographical writings by women directly reflect crucial differences about women’s sense of ‘self’. They are representative of not only the protagonist’s self but also epitomizes the society of which she is the part. Autobiographical writings by women have concentrated on issues like ‘voicing a female subjectivity, textuality and sexuality’. The female autobiographical writers have tried to voice the ‘unsaid’ aspects of their life. Nirmal Prabha Bordoloi’s autobiography Jeevan Jeevan Bor Onupom (2016) is not merely a chronicle of events but a powerful philosophical statement and a testament to human resilience. The autobiography is a powerful first-person narrative that chronicles a journey from a state of enforced helplessness to one of self-determination.
Parents' Custodial View, Support and Involvement in Disability-Focused Learning within Diversified Academic Spaces
This study explored the perspectives, support, and involvement of Filipino parents in the special education of their children within integrated learning environments at Tagbilaran City College. Using a descriptive-correlational research design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to 25 parents and 25 teachers. The research aimed to understand parents' attitudes toward inclusive education, their level of involvement in their child’s special education, and the support they provided. The findings showed that parents generally held positive perspectives on inclusive education, particularly regarding socialization and academic success. However, they expressed moderate satisfaction with the quality of special education services, highlighting concerns about resource availability. Parents were more engaged in home-based support, such as assisting with homework, but less involved in school-based activities like advocacy and decision-making. A positive correlation was found between parents' perspectives and their level of involvement and support for their children's education. The study emphasized the importance of fostering positive parental attitudes and improving communication between parents and teachers. By addressing concerns about the quality of services and creating more opportunities for parental involvement in school activities, the effectiveness of inclusive education could be enhanced, ultimately benefiting students with special educational needs.
Comparative Pragmatic Analysis of Humorous Speech Acts in English
This paper compares English and Uzbek humorous speech acts from the perspective of irony, exaggeration and indirectness. The investigation of the both languages is based on Grice’s Cooperative Principle, Speech Act Theory and General Theory of Verbal Humor. In English, humor is frequently wringing laughter out of sarcasm and irony which require ambiguity, while also often breaking the Maxim of Quantity. By contrast Uzbek humor is more typical to the Lignitzky, though relying on exaggerated situations or character peculiarities and laden with cultural reality. The study shows that humor works in its own way in cultures — where English humor is centered on liguistic ambiguity and indirection, Uzbek jokes are more based in situational or culturally-specific. The paper finishes off with an example of how latter communication is influenced through cultural differences, stressing the role of contextuality in understanding humor in both languages.
Qodirova Aziza Xayrilloyevna Xayrilloyevna