Abstract
The study of the role of mirror neurons in social perception and psychopathology is a relevant area of neuroscience research aimed at understanding the mechanisms through which these neurons influence social perception and interaction, as well as their role in the development of mental disorders.
Mirror neuronsmirror neuronswere first described in the 1990s and have attracted considerable attention from researchers ever since. They are activated both when performing certain movements, and when observing similar actions of other people. This mechanism plays a key role in understanding and empathy, providing a framework for social interaction and establishing emotional connections.
The aim of this study is to systematically review current scientific data on the functional role of mirror neurons, their impact on social behavior, and possible dysfunctions associated with various psychopathologies. The study analyzed data from neurophysiological studies, cellular and animal models, as well as clinical observations.
The results of the study confirm that mirror neurons play a key role in the formation of social skills and empathy. They are activated not only by observing movements, but also by perceiving other people's emotions and intentions. Dysfunction of mirror neurons can lead to disruptions in social perception, which is often observed in patients with autism and schizophrenia spectrum disorders.
The significance of the study lies in the potential of using knowledge about mirror neurons to develop new methods for diagnosing and treating psychopathologies based on an understanding of their neurophysiological foundations. This opens up prospects for an individualized approach to treating patients with social behavior disorders and improving the quality of life of such people.
Thus, the study of mirror neurons is a relevant and promising area in neuroscience, with the possibility of making a significant contribution to understanding the basics of social interaction and developing new therapeutic strategies for mental disorders.