Abstract
Acute bronchitis represents one of the most common lower respiratory tract infections among children and continues to pose significant clinical and public health challenges globally, particularly in regions such as Central Asia. Pediatric patients are especially susceptible due to their anatomo physiological immaturity and environmental exposure, with recurrent or untreated cases potentially progressing to chronic conditions such as asthma. This study is based on a synthesis of clinical observations and regional epidemiological data, focusing on the incidence, risk factors, and management of acute bronchitis in children in Uzbekistan. A review of national health statistics and published clinical research was performed, analyzing clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic interventions, particularly the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like fenspiride (Erespal). The findings confirm that the annual incidence of acute bronchitis in children ranges from 75 to 250 cases per 1,000, with peaks during colder months and in urban or polluted environments. The disease typically presents with cough, low-grade fever, and wheezing. Most cases are self-limiting, but approximately 5% may evolve into chronic or obstructive forms. Therapeutic management remains symptomatic, though fenspiride has shown efficacy in reducing bronchial inflammation and lowering the risk of complications. The recurrent nature and potential complications of bronchitis necessitate early diagnosis, accurate differentiation between viral, bacterial, and allergic etiologies, and judicious use of anti-inflammatory agents. Preventive strategies including vaccination, parental education, and improved air quality are essential in reducing disease burden. Non-invasive diagnosis and rational pharmacotherapy can enhance outcomes and reduce healthcare costs, particularly in resource-limited settings.