Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
type: channel
description: Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (IJMAB) is an open-access, peer-reviewed journal dedicated to the advancement of scholarship in medical humanities, bioethics, pathology, and related interdisciplinary fields. The journal aims to foster high academic standards and encourage critical, professional, and public discourse on diverse topics that intersect health, society, and ethics. IJMAB welcomes original research articles, reviews, and theoretical papers that explore issues in medical anthropology, cultural studies related to health, pathology within anthropological or ethical contexts, the human body, health and illness narratives, public health ethics, and the philosophical dimensions of healthcare. By integrating perspectives from anthropology, ethics, pathology, and the medical humanities, the journal supports the development of innovative pedagogical approaches and promotes interdisciplinary understanding in health-related disciplines. It is particularly interested in submissions that examine how cultural, social, and pathological factors shape the human experience of health and medicine across diverse contexts.
publisher: Medical Journals Press
language: en
publication name: Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
issn: 2995-4924
items: THE INTEGRATION OF MRI AND ULTRASOUND IN PRECISION DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER
items: VOCAL CORD NODULES: A CLOSER LOOK AT ETIOLOGY, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES
items: TOPICAL GOLD–CERIUM OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGEL PROMOTES REDOX HOMEOSTASIS AND WOUND REPAIR IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS: A CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
items: A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CLOSED-LOOP ANESTHESIA DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF ADMINISTRATION OF ANESTHETICS AGENTS
items: EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND HORMONAL CHANGES DURING MENOPAUSE, WITH A FOCUS ON PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES
items: TWO-STEP ANNEALED ZnAL₂O₄:SnO₂ THIN FILMS VIA SOL–GEL/DIP-COATING: STRUCTURAL, SURFACE AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION
items: MODERN METHODS OF TREATING FRACTURES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION
items: STUDY OF NURSES’ ATTITUDES CONCERNING MEDICATION ERRORS IN AL-HILLA TEACHING HOSPITALS
items: PLATINUM-TITANIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AS A SYNERGISTIC RADIOSENSITIZER AND PHOTOTHERMAL AGENT FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT GLIOBLASTOMA
items: Modern Principles of Treating Bronchoobstructive Syndrome in Children Developed After Acute Respiratory Infection
items: Long-Term Durability and Functional Outcomes of Total Knee Replacement in Active Young Adults
items: Glenn Circulation Failure in Single Ventricle CHD
items: Surgical Approaches to Correct Congenital Malformations of the Female Reproductive System
items: EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT ON OUTCOME OF IVF SUCCESS
items: Investigation of Saliva Composition in Benign Salivary Gland Tumors
items: COMMUNITY-BASED STRATEGIES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE SKIN DISEASES
items: THEORETICAL STUDY OF MOLECULAR AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF SOME COMPOUNDS
items: INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE OF URINARY TRACT INVOLVEMENT IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
items: INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON DIGESTIVE HEALTH IN IRAQ: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
items: EXPLORE HOW EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS AND PEDIATRICIANS CAN IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES
items: Examining The Systemic Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on Inflammatory Markers and Thrombotic Risks in Women
items: BIOLOGY OF AGING AND SECRETS OF LONGEVITY
items: ASSESSMENT OF ADVERSE EFFECTS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES IN WOMEN ATTENDING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS IN HOLY KARBALA CITY
items: ACUTE BRONCHITIS IN CHILDREN
items: PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY PATIENTS IN THE KHOREZM REGION
items: STUDY OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT DYNAMICS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE IN THE KHOREZM REGION
items: DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-SELECTIVITY BIOSENSOR FOR RAPID DETECTION OF COVID-19 USING ELECTRODE INTERDIGITATED (IDE) PROBE-TARGET HYBRIDIZATION
items: A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITIES OF BREAST CANCER DURING PREGNANCY AND FOCUSING ON DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES, THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES, AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
items: CHEMICAL TOXICITY OF ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER AND ITS EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH IN IRAQ WASIT (AL-HAY)
items: INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF SINGLE SLOTTED FLAPS ON WING AERODYNAMICS: A CFD STUDY ON THE CESSNA C208B

THE INTEGRATION OF MRI AND ULTRASOUND IN PRECISION DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF PROSTATE CANCER
type: item
description: Background: Prostate cancer is a growing national health issue in Iraq, and the traditional transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided biopsy is usually not ideal in the detection of clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCA). The current study evaluates the diagnostic ability of magnetic resonance imaging-ultrasound (MRI-US) fusion biopsy among a prospective group of Iraqi men. Methods: 135 men aged 65.4 years on average, with the median prostate-specific antigen (PSA) of 12.8ng/ml, were recruited in three tertiary hospitals in Baghdad between January 2024 and December 2025 with a prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) of 3 or higher. Multiparametric MRI and TRUS fusion biopsy was performed on all subjects with the UroNav system, which fused between 4.2 targeted cores and 11.8 systematic cores per patient. Prostate cancer that was considered clinically significant was characterized as a Gleason score of 3 4 or 50 percent positive cores. The outcomes measured were detection rates, histopathologic distribution, procedural complications, and 6-month post-diagnostic management. The statistical tests were conducted using SPSS version 27 and chi-square tests and logistic regression; a statistical significance of p was defined as p <0.05. Findings: The general rate of detecting prostate cancer was 57.8 (csPCa 38.5). Fusion biopsy was found to uniquely identify 42.317 percent of the cases of csPCa. PI-RADs stratification showed increasing yields of 15.8 per cent of score three lesions to 51.4 per cent of score five lesions. Most of the cases (53.8%) had localized disease. The incidents of procedural complications were mild, with hematuria being seen in 33.33 percent and sepsis in 1.5 percent. During the 6-month follow-up, 23.1 % of the patients went under active surveillance, with 15.4% percent undergoing focal therapy. Conclusions: MRI9US hybrid biopsy has a significant enhancement in detecting clinically relevant prostate cancer in Iraq, thereby mitigating in…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: MRI
  topic: keywords
subject: ULTRASOUND
  topic: keywords
subject: PRECISION
  topic: keywords
subject: DIAGNOSIS
  topic: keywords
subject: PROSTATE
  topic: keywords
subject: CANCER
  topic: keywords
subject: MRI9US
  topic: keywords
subject: IMAGING REPORTING
  topic: keywords
subject: DETECTING
  topic: keywords
subject: DEVELOPING
  topic: keywords
subject: TREATMENT
  topic: keywords
creator: Noor Ayad Ismael Alzaidi
creator: Mohammed Khalid Khudhair Bani Akba
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2026-01-07
publication date: 2026-01-07
starting page: 78
ending page: 89

VOCAL CORD NODULES: A CLOSER LOOK AT ETIOLOGY, TREATMENT, AND PREVENTION STRATEGIES
type: item
description: This retrospective cohort study evaluated the clinical efficacy of voice therapy, surgery, and a combination of voice therapy and surgery on the treatment of vocal cord nodules. Ninety-five patients have been assessed, and the results were measured using multidimensional voice measurement tools, such as the Voice Handicap Index (VHI), acoustic features, or recurrence rate. The sample included 95 adults (mean age 38.2 years, 75.8 years female) with bilateral nodules of the middle-membranous vocal fold that were proven with videolaryngostroboscopy. Between 2020 and 2024, the patients were stratified into three treatment arms, namely voice therapy (n=48), surgery (n=12), and a combination of both (n=35). Pre-intervention and post-intervention assessments (3 months, 1 year, and 5 years) were made to evaluate VHI-30 scores, GRBAS perceptual ratings, acoustic measures (jitter, shimmer, maximum phonation time using Praat), and stroboscopic recurrence. Paired t-tests, chi-square tests, and logistic regression (SPSS v26; p < 0.05) were used as statistical tests. The sustained remission in hard nodules was higher in the combined modality (82.9). The total VHI scores improved (83.2 to 36.6, p 0.001). Jitter reduced to 0.9 2.8 (p 0.001) and maximum phonation time increased (12.5 21.3 2). At 5 years follow-up, 76.3% (n=76) of the patients were able to sustain an improvement. The evidence suggests that voice therapy is a better intervention strategy as the initial line of therapy to use in treating soft nodules, and the combined modality is the best in treating mature lesions, thus minimizing surgical intervention and preventing the recurrence by increasing adherence. These results support the stratified treatment approaches, emphasizing treating by behavioral means, guide clinical practice of voice professionals, and establish the basis of future research, including aerodynamic and cost-effective endpoints.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Vocal Cord Nodules
  topic: keywords
subject: Etiology
  topic: keywords
subject: Treatment
  topic: keywords
subject: Prevention
  topic: keywords
subject: Strategies
  topic: keywords
subject: Efficacy
  topic: keywords
subject: Vhi
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Ahmed Fawzi Mohammed
creator: Dr. Abdullah Khalaf Hamad
creator: Dr. Qutaiba Ismael Khudhair
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-12-29
publication date: 2025-12-29
starting page: 68
ending page: 77

TOPICAL GOLD–CERIUM OXIDE NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGEL PROMOTES REDOX HOMEOSTASIS AND WOUND REPAIR IN STREPTOZOTOCIN-INDUCED DIABETIC RATS: A CONTROLLED EXPERIMENTAL STUDY
type: item
description: Diabetic wounds are characterized by persistent oxidative stress, low-grade inflammation, and impaired matrix remodelling, which culminate in delayed closure and high rates of infection, amputation, and mortality. Redox-active nanomaterials such as cerium oxide and gold nanoparticles offer a rational strategy to intercept reactive oxygen species and rebalance pro- and anti-inflammatory signalling at the wound interface. This preclinical study evaluated a topically applied gold–cerium oxide (Au–CeO₂) nanocomposite hydrogel as an adjunctive therapy for cutaneous wound repair in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. After induction and stabilization of diabetes, standardized full-thickness dorsal excisional wounds were created and animals were randomized to receive either a nanoparticle-free hydrogel base or the Au–CeO₂ nanocomposite hydrogel once daily for up to 21 days. Macroscopic wound contraction and time to complete epithelialization were quantified from serial planimetric measurements. At predefined endpoints, wound tissue was harvested to assess oxidative stress (malondialdehyde, reduced glutathione, and antioxidant enzymes), inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6), pro-healing mediators (VEGF, TGF-β1), and matrix remodelling markers (MMP-9, TIMP-1, hydroxyproline). Systemic oxidative stress indices, circulating cytokines, routine clinical chemistry, and haematological parameters were also measured, and a subset of rats underwent biomechanical testing of healed skin. Data were summarized as mean ± SD and compared between groups using Welch’s unequal-variance independent-samples t-test. Au–CeO₂ hydrogel treatment significantly accelerated wound contraction at all time points and shortened epithelialization by nearly four days relative to the hydrogel base (p < 0.001). Treated wounds showed lower lipid peroxidation and pro-inflammatory cytokines, higher antioxidant capacity and pro-angiogenic growth factors, a more favourable MMP-9/TIMP-1 profile with increas…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Muna Khalifa Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
starting page: 47
ending page: 67

A CRITICAL ANALYSIS OF CLOSED-LOOP ANESTHESIA DELIVERY SYSTEM FOR THE OPTIMIZATION OF ADMINISTRATION OF ANESTHETICS AGENTS
type: item
description: Closed-loop anesthesia delivery systems (CLADS) represent a significant advancement in anesthetic practice, offering automated, feedback-driven control of anesthetic agent administration to enhance patient safety and clinical efficiency. This critical analysis examined the operational principles, advantages, and limitations of CLADS in optimizing anesthesia delivery. The review highlighted how CLADS integrate real-time physiological monitoring—such as bispectral index (BIS), hemodynamic parameters, and end-tidal anesthetic concentrations—with algorithm-based controllers to maintain precise, individualized anesthetic depth. However, challenges such as system calibration errors, hardware variability, the need for clinician oversight, and limited adaptability in rapidly changing clinical conditions remain notable concerns. Further technological improvements, robust clinical validation, and clinician training are essential to maximize their reliability and integration into modern anesthetic practice. The study concluded that closed Loop Anesthesia Delivery Systems significantly enhance precision, safety, and consistency in administering anesthesia agents. By integrating real-time physiological feedback with automated drug control, these systems minimize human error and improve patient outcomes. One of the recommendations made was that hospitals and manufacturers should prioritize rigorous testing and validation of CLADS to ensure consistent performance across diverse patient populations, minimizing risks of under- or over-dosage.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Closed Loop Anesthesia Delivery System
  topic: keywords
subject: Optimization
  topic: keywords
subject: Administration
  topic: keywords
subject: Anesthesia Agents
  topic: keywords
creator: Ojum S.
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-10-30
publication date: 2025-10-30
starting page: 36
ending page: 46

EXPLORING THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE AND HORMONAL CHANGES DURING MENOPAUSE, WITH A FOCUS ON PREVENTIVE STRATEGIES
type: item
description: Menopause triggers the faster development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) through estrogen deficiency, but the most effective preventive measures are a controversial issue. The current trial compared lifestyle interventions to hormone replacement therapy (HRT) by considering them as a combination of both interventions. This was a prospective, randomized controlled trial recruiting 140 women of intermediate CVD risk who were aged 45–60 years old and were based in Iraq. The participants were randomly divided into Group A (lifestyle alone: 150-300 min/week of moderate-vigorous physical activity and a DASH diet plan) and Group B (lifestyle and transdermal estradiol 0.05mg/day and oral progesterone 100mg/day) Individual changes in biomarkers and clinical events were considered as secondary endpoints. A mixed-effects ANOVA (=0.05) was used as an intention-to-treat technique. The baseline data was even (mean age 52 of 4 years; BMI 27.6 of 3.9 kg / m 2). Group B had better decreases in SBP (120.001 vs 126.0013.00mmHg; p.02), LDL (118.001 vs 130.0013.00mg/dl; p.01), hs-CRP (2.001.1 vs 2.701.3.00mmol/L; p.01), and IMT (0.71.0009 vs 0.75.00 Early HRT is a preventive intervention that enhances the reduced CVD risk in perimenopausal women using a structured lifestyle program and ought to be incorporated in prevention initiatives. To support these findings, multicenter validation studies should be done.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: MENOPAUSE
  topic: keywords
subject: TRIGGERS
  topic: keywords
subject: FASTER
  topic: keywords
subject: CVD SECONDARY ENDPOINTS
  topic: keywords
subject: BMI
  topic: keywords
subject: SBP
  topic: keywords
subject: HS-CRP
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Rana Duraid Salah
creator: Dr. Shahla Thabit Mahmood
creator: Dr. Hind Majid Mousa Fayyadh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-12-12
publication date: 2025-12-12
starting page: 23
ending page: 35

TWO-STEP ANNEALED ZnAL₂O₄:SnO₂ THIN FILMS VIA SOL–GEL/DIP-COATING: STRUCTURAL, SURFACE AND ELECTRICAL CHARACTERIZATION
type: item
description: This work presents a reproducible and low-cost approach for preparing ZnAl₂O₄:SnO₂ composite thin films on glass substrates using a sol–gel dip-coating technique followed by a two-step annealing process. The films were synthesized from a Zn–Al–oxalate sol (Zn:Al = 1:2) with SnO₂ nanoparticles incorporated at 3 and 6 wt%. Deposition was carried out at a withdrawal rate of 60 mm•min⁻¹ using two coating cycles, each separated by a soft-bake at 150 °C for 10 min. The thermal consolidation involved sequential heating at 300 °C for 15 min and 480 °C for 30 min in air. Structural, chemical, and morphological properties were examined using FTIR, XRD, and AFM analyses. FTIR spectra confirmed the spinel ZnAl₂O₄ band near 655 cm⁻¹, while XRD patterns revealed a well-defined cubic spinel phase without secondary peaks. AFM images showed uniform grains and controlled roughness depending on SnO₂ concentration. Optical analysis indicated a slight redshift of the absorption edge with SnO₂ addition, and the electrical characterization showed decreased resistance and increased capacitance in the doped films. The obtained results confirm that combining ZnAl₂O₄ with SnO₂ effectively tailors both structural and functional characteristics of spinel-based thin films using a simple, entirely vacuum-free process.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: dip-coating
  topic: keywords
subject: SnO₂
  topic: keywords
subject: spinel
  topic: keywords
subject: sol–gel
  topic: keywords
creator: Ali Q. Tuama
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-10-26
publication date: 2025-10-26
starting page: 8
ending page: 15

MODERN METHODS OF TREATING FRACTURES OF THE MAXILLOFACIAL REGION
type: item
description: Maxillofacial fractures are an abundant component of the injuries due to trauma that need immediate diagnosis and additional support from different specialties. In recent years, the evolution of surgical practice and imaging modalities as well as improvements in the range and properties of available biomaterials have led to paradigm shifts in the treatment of facial fractures. The current literature is reviewed on contemporary techniques for the management of maxillofacial fractures, encompassing internal and external fixation devices; 3-dimensional (3D) imaging/ model production; minimally invasive surgery; and postoperative therapy. An up-to-date review is made of the benefits of titanium miniplates, computer-aided surgery and regenerative procedures such as bone grafts and biomimetic scaffolds. Special attention is given to the function, appearance and occurrence of postoperative complications. The essay is a fruitful mixture of theoretical reasoning and clinical examples that formcomplete background about treating maxillofacial trauma in the present decade.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Maxillofacial fractures
  topic: keywords
subject: osteosynthesis
  topic: keywords
subject: titanium miniplates
  topic: keywords
subject: 3D modeling
  topic: keywords
subject: bone grafting
  topic: keywords
subject: computer-aided surgery
  topic: keywords
creator: Usmanov Raxmatillo Fayzullayevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-08-30
publication date: 2025-08-30
starting page: 16
ending page: 22

STUDY OF NURSES’ ATTITUDES CONCERNING MEDICATION ERRORS IN AL-HILLA TEACHING HOSPITALS
type: item
description: Background. Mistakes with medication are common in the healthcare setting Is very often cause of needless harm to patients. Nurses are key to managing medicines and are the last line of defence against errors. How staff perceive medical errors influences how they identify, prevent, and report error – activities that are key to patient safety. In developing nations, including Iraq, low resources and heavy workloads are compounded by weak protection mechanisms. Objective. The purpose of this study is to analyze the attitudes and beliefs of nurses in Al-Hilla Teaching Hospitals towards medication errors and to identify socio-demographic and employment variables that affect error reporting barrier. Methods. A cross-sectional design was used for the study. A sample of 170 nurses from the critical care units of Al-Hilla and Al-Imam Al-Sadiq Teaching Hospitals was selected using a purposive sampling technique. A validated questionnaire (reliability r = 0.82) was used to collect data on demographic, perception and attitudes toward medication error and reporting. Scorings were delimited into a three-point likert scale, where agrees get three points and neutrals get two points and disagreeing gets one-point. Data analysis included descriptive statistics of frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations. Results. A majority of participants were female (57.6%), aged between 20 -30 years (75.9%), and bachelor’s degree holders (52.4%). The overall average score obtained from the responses of the subjects regarding the perception of medication errors was 2.70 (SD = 0.506). In addition, the average score towards reporting errors received was 2.48 (SD = 0.657). Nevertheless, fear of punishment, heavy workload, inadequate managerial support, and limited training impeded nurses from reporting. Less-experienced nurses were particularly affected. Conclusion. Nurses at Al-Hilla Teaching Hospitals have a positive attitude toward medication error reporting. But organizational and …
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Medication errors
  topic: keywords
subject: nurses’ attitudes
  topic: keywords
subject: error reporting
  topic: keywords
subject: patient safety
  topic: keywords
subject: critical care
  topic: keywords
subject: Iraq
  topic: keywords
creator: Amenah Abd Al Hassan Jebur Aljesham
creator: Hasanain Yhiya Shimran
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-10-25
publication date: 2025-10-25
starting page: 1
ending page: 7

PLATINUM-TITANIUM OXIDE NANOPARTICLES AS A SYNERGISTIC RADIOSENSITIZER AND PHOTOTHERMAL AGENT FOR TREATMENT-RESISTANT GLIOBLASTOMA
type: item
description: Glioblastoma is a highly aggressive and treatment-resistant brain tumor characterized by poor prognosis and limited therapeutic success. This study explored the potential of platinum-core titanium oxide-shell nanoparticles as a dual-function therapeutic agent combining radiosensitization and photothermal therapy. Nanoparticles were synthesized using a two-step process and characterized by DLS, zeta potential, XRD, and FTIR analyses, confirming monodisperse, stable, and crystalline core–shell structures. In vitro cytotoxicity was assessed via MTT assay, demonstrating significant dose- and time-dependent reductions in glioblastoma cell viability. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels measured by DCFH-DA fluorescence assay indicated nanoparticle-induced oxidative stress, a likely contributor to the observed cytotoxic effects. Furthermore, survival fraction assays incorporating nanoparticle treatment with radiotherapy (2 Gy X-ray) and near-infrared photothermal stimulation revealed a synergistic effect, achieving the greatest reduction in cell survival when all three modalities were combined. Statistical analysis confirmed the significance of these outcomes. These findings underscore the potential of platinum-titanium oxide core–shell nanoparticles as a promising combinational therapy platform for overcoming radioresistance in glioblastoma. The multifunctionality of the nanoplatform, along with its biocompatibility and physicochemical stability, supports its continued development for translational cancer nanomedicine.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Muna Khalifa Ali
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
starting page: 37
ending page: 55

Modern Principles of Treating Bronchoobstructive Syndrome in Children Developed After Acute Respiratory Infection
type: item
description: Bronchoobstructive Syndrome (BOS) in children remains one of the most pressing issues in pediatric practice. It often develops as a complication of acute respiratory infections, which are common in childhood. The article discusses the pathogenesis, clinical manifestations, diagnostic approaches, and modern principles of treatment of BOS in young patients. Special emphasis is placed on a comprehensive therapeutic strategy that combines pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment, including the use of mucolytics, bronchodilators, corticosteroids, and supportive physiotherapy methods. The importance of timely diagnosis, rational drug administration, and preventive measures in reducing complications and improving prognosis is underlined.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: children
  topic: keywords
subject: bronchi
  topic: keywords
subject: bronchoobstructive syndrome
  topic: keywords
subject: acute respiratory infection
  topic: keywords
subject: therapy
  topic: keywords
subject: corticosteroids
  topic: keywords
subject: bronchodilators
  topic: keywords
creator: Isroil L Sharipov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
starting page: 32
ending page: 36

Long-Term Durability and Functional Outcomes of Total Knee Replacement in Active Young Adults
type: item
description: Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a highly successful operation traditionally reserved for older, less active patients, where the aim of the current research is to evaluate the survivorship at long-term, functional outcomes, patient satisfaction, and durability of TKA in active young adults between the ages of 20 and 35 years. Moreover, our study were enrolled 77 active patients (86 knees) with a mean age of 28.6 years (range: 20-35) at the time of surgery were subjected to a cross-sectional study, which all patients were assessed preoperatively and at an average follow-up of 2 years during March 2023 - March 2025 by applying patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs), radiographic evaluation, and implant survivorship calculations. In addition, significant improvement was shown in all PROMs at 2 years; KSS-Functional increased by +44.3 points, KOOS-Pain by +52.4 points, and UCLA Activity Score by +3.6 points, as well as 66.2% of the patients experienced a moderate level of activity (UCLA 5-7), and 18.2% were active in high-impact activities (UCLA 8-10) during 2 years follow – up, whereby the all-cause reoperation rate was 19.8% (17 knees), and the most common reasons for revision were aseptic loosening (5.8%) and periprosthetic joint infection (4.7%), that a total of 89.6% of the patients were satisfied or very satisfied, and 90.9% would undergo the operation again. Due to that, our study concludes that TKA provides great pain relief, functional recovery, and excellent satisfaction in active young patients; it has an unusually high rate of reoperation, nearing two times that of their elderly counterparts.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Total Knee Arthroplasty
  topic: keywords
subject: Young Patients
  topic: keywords
subject: Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Survivorship
  topic: keywords
subject: Patient Satisfaction
  topic: keywords
subject: Post-Traumatic Osteoarthritis
  topic: keywords
creator: Jamal Rasool Hammadi
creator: Mohammed Jassam Mukhlif
creator: Anas Mohammed Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-09-27
publication date: 2025-09-27
starting page: 24
ending page: 31

Glenn Circulation Failure in Single Ventricle CHD
type: item
description: This randomized controlled trial was conducted to assess the surgical outcome of surgery in the age group of 2-6 years. A total of 130 samples were grouped into groups A and B for comparative analysis. The inclusion criteria specified that children be posted for surgery, but who do not have significant comorbidities, while the exclusion criteria stated serious nervous system or cardiac diseases. Preoperative assessment involved demographic data collection and monitoring clinical parameters such as mean arterial pressure, oxygen saturation, and heart rate. All surgery was performed using the same surgery standard, and postoperative results were recorded about complications, the duration of hospital stay, echocardiographic follow-up, readmission, and quality-of-life scores. Results shown that a similar demographic presentation was observed, with a slight female predominance in Group B. Notably, Group A presented with higher mean pulmonary artery pressure and lower oxygen saturation, demonstrating more severe preoperative profiles. In terms of surgical parameters, Group A had a shorter average duration of cardiopulmonary bypass and aortic clamping, thus causing fewer postoperative complications like arrhythmias and infections. These complications would later be seen more in Group B, as their echocardiographic outcome indicators pointed to a better functioning heart postoperatively. As derived from the demographic analysis, Group A had a mean patient age of 4.2 years, while Group B had a mean patient age of 4.5 years. However, weight or nutritional status did not differ significantly. According to preoperative clinical details, Group A had a mean pulmonary artery pressure of 20.0 mmHg and oxygen saturation of 73%, whereas in Group B, it was 18.5 mmHg and 75%, thus suggesting to be worse pulmonary conditions in Group A than in Group B. The time of cardiopulmonary bypass was shorter in Group A: 140 min as compared with 150 min of Group B. Furthermore, Group A had a mean l…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Glenn Circulation
  topic: keywords
subject: Single Ventricle CHD
  topic: keywords
subject: Hospital Stay
  topic: keywords
subject: ICU
  topic: keywords
subject: Preoperative Assessment
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatric Surgery
  topic: keywords
creator: Mansour Mikhlif Mhaidi
creator: Mortadha Mohammad Hadi
creator: Bashar Berjes Alqaisy
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
starting page: 15
ending page: 23

Surgical Approaches to Correct Congenital Malformations of the Female Reproductive System
type: item
description: Congenital malformations in the female reproductive tract (CMFRT) pose significant clinical challenges, manifesting as obstructive symptoms, pain, and reduced fertility. The objective of this study was to evaluate the surgical outcomes regarding safety, efficacy, and reproductive results following the repair of CMFRT in patients. A cross-sectional study was performed involving 66 patients who underwent surgery for the correction of congenital malformations affecting the female genital tract from March 2024 to March 2025. The ESHRE/ESGE system was used to group the anomalies. The main outcomes were the rates of complications during and after surgery (using the Clavien-Dindo classification), the success of the surgery in terms of anatomy, the resolution of symptoms, and the reproductive outcome for those trying to get pregnant. Abdominal pain that occurred on was the most common reported symptom (63.6%). Obstructive abnormalities (57.6%), as well as uterine septa (U2, 37.9%), were the most frequent findings and indications. Laparoscopic-assisted surgery was the most often utilized modality (43.9%). Postoperative complications were mostly minor (Clavien-Dindo I-II, 27.3%); intraoperative complications were observed in 16.7%, primarily hemorrhage (6.1%). In 100% of obstructive/neovaginal procedures and 87.9% of uterine procedures, anatomical success was attained. Dyspareunia (89.5%), pelvic pain (92.9%), and dysmenorrhea (92.1%) all showed notable symptom improvement. The incidence of conception was 71.4% and the rate of live birth was 80% among the 28 patients who sought to conceive. 10.6% had intrauterine adhesions. 87.9% of patients expressed satisfaction or high satisfaction with the results of their surgery. Surgical correction of CMFRT, by a variety of minimally invasive and open methods, is marked by high success in anatomical correction, complete cessation of symptoms, and favorable reproductive outcomes. Complications are usually minor, and satisfaction with th…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Congenital Mullerian Anomalies
  topic: keywords
subject: Reproductive Tract Surgery
  topic: keywords
subject: Septate Uterus
  topic: keywords
subject: Obstructed Hemi-Vagina
  topic: keywords
subject: Surgical Outcomes
  topic: keywords
subject: Fertility Preservation
  topic: keywords
creator: Hiba Raad Hussein
creator: Noor Hasan Kareem
creator: Alan Ali Abdulhussein Al-Janabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
starting page: 5
ending page: 14

EFFECT OF ULTRASONIC ANTRAL FOLLICLE COUNT ON OUTCOME OF IVF SUCCESS
type: item
description: Infertility has emerged as a growing global health concern, affecting nearly 10–15% of couples of reproductive age. Assisted reproductive technologies (ART), particularly in vitro fertilization (IVF), offer significant hope for achieving pregnancy, yet their success rates vary widely depending on several biological and clinical factors. Among these, ovarian reserve assessment plays a central role in predicting treatment outcomes. Antral follicle count (AFC), measured by transvaginal ultrasonography during the early follicular phase, is one of the most widely used and non-invasive methods for estimating ovarian reserve. AFC reflects the number of small antral follicles present in the ovaries and serves as an indirect marker of the remaining primordial follicle pool. The predictive value of AFC in IVF lies in its ability to estimate ovarian responsiveness to controlled ovarian stimulation, determine the number of oocytes retrieved, and influence overall clinical pregnancy rates. Studies between 2016 and 2022 have consistently highlighted that women with higher AFC values generally produce more oocytes and embryos of better quality, which translates into higher implantation and pregnancy success. Conversely, women with low AFC often experience poor ovarian response, higher cycle cancellation rates, and reduced chances of live birth. This makes AFC an important tool not only for counseling patients but also for customizing stimulation protocols, optimizing medication dosages, and setting realistic expectations regarding IVF outcomes. Despite its utility, AFC is not without limitations. Variability in ultrasound techniques, inter-observer differences, and overlapping values across age groups can sometimes reduce its accuracy. Furthermore, conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) can lead to an artificially elevated AFC that may not necessarily predict successful outcomes. Therefore, many researchers recommend combining AFC with biochemical markers such as anti…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Antral follicle count
  topic: keywords
subject: Ovarian reserve
  topic: keywords
subject: In vitro fertilization
  topic: keywords
subject: Ultrasonography
  topic: keywords
subject: IVF outcome
  topic: keywords
subject: Fertility prediction
  topic: keywords
creator: M. Tariq Zaidi
creator: Mohd Salahuddin Ansari
rights: Copyright (c) 2023 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2023-11-30
publication date: 2023-11-30
starting page: 76
ending page: 92

Investigation of Saliva Composition in Benign Salivary Gland Tumors
type: item
description: Benign salivary gland tumors, though non-malignant, can significantly affect the function of glandular tissue, leading to changes in saliva composition. This study investigates the biochemical alterations in saliva among patients with benign salivary gland tumors, aiming to explore saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic tool for early diagnosis and disease monitoring. To examine the biochemical composition of saliva in patients with benign salivary gland tumors and compare it to that of healthy individuals, focusing on changes in protein fractions, enzyme activities, and electrolyte levels. Forty-two patients diagnosed with benign salivary gland tumors (18 men, 24 women, aged 25–65) participated in the study. A control group of 20 healthy individuals was also included. Saliva was collected in the morning, and biochemical analysis was performed to measure total protein, protein fractions, enzyme activity (amylase, lactate dehydrogenase), and electrolyte levels (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Cl−). Data were analyzed using SPSS 25.0. Significant differences in saliva composition were observed in patients compared to the control group. Protein levels were significantly higher (p < 0.05), with increased globulins and decreased albumin-globulin ratio. Enzyme activity, especially amylase and lactate dehydrogenase, was elevated, and electrolyte imbalances were noted.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: saliva
  topic: keywords
subject: benign tumors
  topic: keywords
subject: salivary glands
  topic: keywords
subject: biochemical composition
  topic: keywords
subject: diagnosis
  topic: keywords
subject: protein fractions
  topic: keywords
subject: enzymes
  topic: keywords
subject: electrolytes
  topic: keywords
subject: non-invasive method
  topic: keywords
subject: biomarkers
  topic: keywords
creator: Dilshod Davronovich Maksudov
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-31
publication date: 2025-07-31
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

COMMUNITY-BASED STRATEGIES FOR THE PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF COMMUNICABLE SKIN DISEASES
type: item
description: Cutaneous infectious diseases, such as scabies, impetigo, and fungal infections, represent a significant public health issue, particularly in resource-limited and highly populated communities. These illnesses are primarily driven by compromised hygiene practices, limited access to care, and poor health knowledge. To evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention programme that targeted and involved the community to prevent and control recurrent communicable skin disease. A cross-sectional study of 77 patients with a contagious skin condition was performed. The intervention consisted of three components: (1) structured health education on disease transmission and prevention, (2) the provision of hygiene kits containing soap, towels, and nail clippers, and (3) the application of topical medication with follow-up visits. Clinical outcomes and self-reported hygiene behaviors were assessed at 12-month follow-up. The three most common diagnoses were impetigo (32.5%), scabies (28.6%), and tinea infections (23.4%). 63.6% of participants had poor handwashing hygiene following contact, and 49.4% had sharing towels or bedding at baseline. At follow-up (n=73), there was a 89.0% rate of clinical improvement or resolution with the intervention. Further, extreme self-reported change in key hygiene practices was observed, including a 79.5% boost in washing one's hands often and an 84.9% reduction in sharing potentially dirty items. Intervention was 97.3% satisfactory to participants. A community-based package that integrates health education, distribution of basic hygiene supplies, and personal CHW follow-up is highly effective and acceptable for prevention and control of communicable skin diseases. The model draws on both structural and behavioral determinants of health and is an ideal strategy for stemming the burden of these diseases among disadvantaged populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Communicable Skin Diseases
  topic: keywords
subject: Scabies
  topic: keywords
subject: Impetigo
  topic: keywords
subject: Health Education
  topic: keywords
subject: Disease Prevention
  topic: keywords
subject: Public Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Hygiene
  topic: keywords
creator: Enas Mohamad Hasan
creator: Marwa Adil Abdullah
creator: Maysam Salih Jasim
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-06-30
publication date: 2025-06-30
starting page: 42
ending page: 52

THEORETICAL STUDY OF MOLECULAR AND SPECTRAL PROPERTIES OF SOME COMPOUNDS
type: item
description: In this study, the spectral and molecular parameters are calculated by some molecular programs to obtain of the results of our compounds. The various properties of the ground and excited electronic states of The pyrromethene 580 molecule was theoretically simulated in this study utilizing density functional theory (DFT) and the B3LYP at a 6-31 G (d,p) basis set. Then, bond lengths and bond angles were determined using DFT methods, The electronic properties such as the electronic energy, dipole moments, such as ionization potentials (IP), absolute softness (S), chemical potential (K), electrophilic index (ω), electron affinities (EA), absolute hardness (η), Molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) and Absorption spectra. The energy values were -1192.534269 Hartree. The dipole moment values found to be 3.96 Debye indicate the non-uniform distribution of charges. The energy gap was found to be 2.96 eV, which reflected the stability of the molecule. We find good agreement between experimental and theoretical data of UV spectrum where λ_max theoretically with solvent ethanol was 513 nm and experimentally was 519-522 dependent on the change in concentration.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
creator: Qudama Kh Hammad
creator: Adil N Ayyash
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-08-25
publication date: 2025-08-25
starting page: 32
ending page: 41

INVESTIGATING THE PREVALENCE OF URINARY TRACT INVOLVEMENT IN COVID-19 PATIENTS
type: item
description: The interplay between COVID-19 and urinary tract involvement (UTI) remained an area of significant clinical interest, particularly given the potential for overlapping symptomatology and complications. This study examined the clinical characteristics of COVID-19 patients with concurrent UTI, assessing risk factors and outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 70 hospitalized COVID-19 patients in different hospitals in Iraq during March 2022 - March 2023. Our study enrolled clinical outcomes of UTI symptoms, causative pathogens, laboratory markers, and hospitalization outcomes. This study identified urinary tract involvement (UTI) symptoms, and these symptoms were evaluated by IPSS Scores, as well as evaluated the general health quality of psychological aspects using HADS scores in both anxiety and depression. EQ-5D scores. Logistic regression was performed to determine risk factors for UTI development. The cohort had (50.0% aged 51–60), with 60.0% male and 40.0% female participants. Hypertension (28.6%), diabetes mellitus (21.4%), and obesity (25.7%) were prevalent comorbidities. UTI symptoms were reported in 50.0% of patients, with dysuria (28.6%) and lower abdominal pain (25.7%) being the most common. Escherichia coli (35.7%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (21.4%) were the predominant pathogens. Severe COVID-19 (21.4%) was associated with elevated inflammatory markers (CRP: 45.6 ± 12.4 mg/L; D-dimer: 1.8 ± 0.7 μg/mL). Hospitalization outcomes revealed a mean length of stay of 10.5 ± 3.2 days, with 28.6% requiring ICU admission and an 11.4% mortality rate. UTI is a frequent complication in COVID-19 patients, particularly among older adults, women, and those with metabolic comorbidities. Severe COVID-19 correlates with worse urinary outcomes, emphasizing the need for vigilant urological monitoring in high-risk populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Covid-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Urinary Tract Involvement (UTI)
  topic: keywords
subject: Pathogens
  topic: keywords
subject: Hads Scores
  topic: keywords
subject: Eq-5d Scores
  topic: keywords
creator: Jenan Jawad Mahdi Al-Awadi
creator: Zaid Amer Khalid
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2024-03-31
publication date: 2024-03-31
starting page: 21
ending page: 30

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF COVID-19 ON DIGESTIVE HEALTH IN IRAQ: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
type: item
description: The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with a wide range of extrapulmonary manifestations, including gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence, severity, and long-term effects of digestive symptoms in COVID-19 patients, as well as their association with disease outcomes. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 75 confirmed COVID-19 patients at Baghdad, Iraq hospitals from April 2024 to April 2025, assessing demographic data, GI symptoms, pre-existing conditions, laboratory findings, and follow-up recovery status. Statistical analysis was performed to determine frequencies, percentages, and correlations. Among the patients, 40% reported diarrhea, 33.3% nausea/vomiting, and 26.7% abdominal pain, with 46.7% experiencing significant appetite loss. Pre-existing GI conditions (e.g., GERD, IBS) were present in 40% of cases. Elevated liver enzymes (ALT/AST) were observed in 20-24%, suggesting hepatic involvement. Post-infection, 16% developed new IBS-like symptoms, and 46.7% had notable weight loss. While 66.7% achieved full recovery within three months, 6.7% reported persistent GI symptoms. COVID-19 significantly impacts digestive health, with a high prevalence of GI symptoms, nutritional deficiencies, and potential long-term sequelae.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Covid-19
  topic: keywords
subject: Digestive Health
  topic: keywords
subject: Gastrointestinal Symptoms
  topic: keywords
subject: Post-Covid Complications
  topic: keywords
subject: Diarrhea
  topic: keywords
subject: Liver Dysfunction
  topic: keywords
subject: Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS)
  topic: keywords
creator: Shaheed A. Mohammed Ridha
creator: Haider Ali Aziz
creator: Mustafa Kanaan Khorsheed
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-08-17
publication date: 2025-08-17
starting page: 23
ending page: 31

EXPLORE HOW EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION BETWEEN EMERGENCY DEPARTMENTS AND PEDIATRICIANS CAN IMPROVE PATIENT OUTCOMES
type: item
description: Communication between pediatricians and emergency departments (ED) is crucial to improve patient outcomes in pediatric care. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different communication strategies between emergency departments and pediatricians strategies on pediatric patients' clinical outcomes, such as illness type, patients' satisfaction, clinical outcomes, and overall quality of life. We conducted a cross-sectional study on 130 children patients transferred to the emergency department. We enrolled clinical data, mode of communication used (Phone Consultations, Face‐to‐face communication, Secure Messaging, and Shared Access in Electronic Health Records (EHR)), patient clinical outcomes, parental satisfaction scores, and health-related quality of life through SF-36 questionnaires. The findings of the study showed that face-to-face communication recorded the highest parental satisfaction rate (100%) and the most untimely communication (mean 10 minutes). In contrast, shared access in EHR exhibited the most time for communication (mean 25 minutes) and moderate satisfaction (40%). Clinical outcomes showed that face-to-face communication patients recorded the least PICU lengths of stay (mean 2.1 days) and re-admission rates (20%), whereas phone consultations recorded high levels of morbidity outcomes. The results suggest that direct communication is the ideal method for enhancing pediatric patient outcomes during ED transfer. Direct communication between pediatricians and ED staff can possibly lead to improved clinical outcomes and parental satisfaction.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Emergency Departments
  topic: keywords
subject: Pediatricians
  topic: keywords
subject: Communication Techniques
  topic: keywords
subject: Face-to-Face Communication
  topic: keywords
subject: Parental Satisfaction
  topic: keywords
creator: Hussein Rasmi Raheem
creator: Rafed Kareem Jaber
creator: Uday Abd Ul Mutalb Ubd Alhadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-08-07
publication date: 2025-08-07
starting page: 12
ending page: 22

Examining The Systemic Effects of Hormonal Contraceptives on Inflammatory Markers and Thrombotic Risks in Women
type: item
description: Hormonal contraceptives (HCs) are widely used for birth control and management of various gynecological conditions However, their systemic effects particularly on inflammatory markers and thrombotic risk, remain a subject of ongoing investigation where in This study aimed to examine the impact of hormonal contraceptive use on systemic inflammation and thrombotic risk factors in women over a 12-month period in addition to Methods of study refer to An observational cohort study was conducted from March 2024 to March 2025 across multiple hospitals in Iraq with Eighty women of reproductive age were enrolled and divided into two groups: HC users and non-users and Data collected included demographic information, laboratory results (blood glucose, cholesterol, CRP, IL-6), hormonal profiles, thrombotic risk factors, and patient-reported outcomes. Laboratory assessments were performed at baseline and after 12 months. where In this paper Statistical analysis involved descriptive statistics, independent t-tests for group comparisons, and correlation coefficients to assess relationships between inflammatory markers and thrombotic risk. The results in this study refer to HC users demonstrated significantly higher levels of inflammatory markers (CRP, IL-6) and altered coagulation profiles compared to non-users (p < 0.05) and Correlation analysis revealed a positive association between duration of HC use and increased thrombotic risk factors Despite these findings, some users reported improved quality of life and satisfaction with contraceptive methods finally we concloude Hormonal contraceptive use is associated with elevated systemic inflammation and increased thrombotic risk in women, highlighting the need for individualized risk assessment and patient education.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Hormonal contraceptives, systemic inflammation, thrombotic risk, inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, women’s health, cohort study, Iraq, quality of life.
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. Zeena Ismail Abdullah
creator: Dr. Dhabya Ihsan Abdulrazzaq Al-Sammarraie
creator: Dr. Sahar Kareem Raheem
creator: Dr. Ali Qais Abdulkafi
creator: Dr. Aws Ali Qais
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-07-08
publication date: 2025-07-08
starting page: 1
ending page: 11

BIOLOGY OF AGING AND SECRETS OF LONGEVITY
type: item
description: Aging is a universal biological process characterized by the gradual decline of physiological function and increased susceptibility to age-related diseases. Recent biological research has highlighted the importance of understanding cellular and molecular mechanisms, such as oxidative stress, DNA damage, and telomere shortening, in influencing lifespan and aging progression. Despite advancements, the interplay between genetic regulation, environmental influences, and therapeutic interventions in promoting healthy longevity remains insufficiently explored. This study aims to examine the biological underpinnings of aging and identify promising strategies for extending a healthy human lifespan. The analysis reveals that cellular senescence, mitochondrial dysfunction, and free radical accumulation significantly contribute to the aging process. Telomere attrition, decreased DNA repair capacity, and oxidative damage are primary drivers of cellular aging. In parallel, genetic elements such as SIRT genes and the telomerase enzyme exhibit protective effects. Lifestyle choices—nutrition, exercise, sleep, and stress management—also influence aging rates. The study integrates recent discoveries in molecular biology, regenerative medicine, and therapeutic approaches, including antioxidants, calorie restriction, and stem cell research, to propose a holistic framework for anti-aging interventions. These insights offer a foundation for developing targeted treatments that delay biological aging, reduce disease onset, and improve quality of life. The synthesis of molecular, genetic, and lifestyle factors underscores the multifactorial nature of longevity, guiding future biomedical and public health strategies in aging management.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject:
  topic: keywords
  value: Aging, longevity, cellular senescence, DNA damage, oxidative stress, free radicals, telomeres, telomerase, mitochondrial dysfunction, genetic factors, SIRT genes, molecular mechanisms of aging, anti-aging therapies, antioxidants, healthy lifespan, regenerative medicine, stem cells, calorie restriction, lifestyle factors, environmental influences on aging
creator: Farida Raxmatboy Muroddinova
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-06-23
publication date: 2025-06-23
starting page: 28
ending page: 32

ASSESSMENT OF ADVERSE EFFECTS OF HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES IN WOMEN ATTENDING PRIMARY HEALTH CARE CENTERS IN HOLY KARBALA CITY
type: item
description: This study investigates the adverse effects of hormonal contraceptives among women attending two primary health care centers in Holy Karbala City, Iraq. Despite their global prevalence due to effectiveness and reversibility, hormonal contraceptives remain under scrutiny for side effects, especially in contexts with limited healthcare literacy. Addressing a knowledge gap in localized user experiences and preferences, a cross-sectional survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire administered to 355 women aged 15–49. Statistical analysis using SPSS revealed that oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) were the most commonly used method, particularly among housewives aged 30–39 with lower education levels. Significant side effects reported included mood disturbances (43.1%), menstrual irregularities (38%), weight gain (33%), and gastrointestinal issues, all varying by contraceptive type and user demographics. These findings highlight the need for enhanced medical counseling, informed contraceptive choice, and community-based education to mitigate side effects and improve reproductive health outcomes in similar populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: hormonal contraceptives; women; and primary health care
  topic: keywords
creator: Suha Abdullah Naji Al-Asady
creator: Jenan Jawad Mahdi Al-Awadi
creator: Salwan Abdullah Naji Al-Asadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-04-30
publication date: 2025-04-30
starting page: 16
ending page: 27

ACUTE BRONCHITIS IN CHILDREN
type: item
description: Acute bronchitis represents one of the most common lower respiratory tract infections among children and continues to pose significant clinical and public health challenges globally, particularly in regions such as Central Asia. Pediatric patients are especially susceptible due to their anatomo physiological immaturity and environmental exposure, with recurrent or untreated cases potentially progressing to chronic conditions such as asthma. This study is based on a synthesis of clinical observations and regional epidemiological data, focusing on the incidence, risk factors, and management of acute bronchitis in children in Uzbekistan. A review of national health statistics and published clinical research was performed, analyzing clinical presentations, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic interventions, particularly the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs like fenspiride (Erespal). The findings confirm that the annual incidence of acute bronchitis in children ranges from 75 to 250 cases per 1,000, with peaks during colder months and in urban or polluted environments. The disease typically presents with cough, low-grade fever, and wheezing. Most cases are self-limiting, but approximately 5% may evolve into chronic or obstructive forms. Therapeutic management remains symptomatic, though fenspiride has shown efficacy in reducing bronchial inflammation and lowering the risk of complications. The recurrent nature and potential complications of bronchitis necessitate early diagnosis, accurate differentiation between viral, bacterial, and allergic etiologies, and judicious use of anti-inflammatory agents. Preventive strategies including vaccination, parental education, and improved air quality are essential in reducing disease burden. Non-invasive diagnosis and rational pharmacotherapy can enhance outcomes and reduce healthcare costs, particularly in resource-limited settings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: acute bronchitis, pediatric respiratory disease, airway inflammation, fenspiride, Uzbekistan, viral infections, bronchial obstruction, children
  topic: keywords
creator: Sharipov I.L
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-05-08
publication date: 2025-05-08
starting page: 10
ending page: 15

PECULIARITIES OF THE COURSE OF CHRONIC HEART FAILURE IN MIDDLE-AGED AND ELDERLY PATIENTS IN THE KHOREZM REGION
type: item
description: This article explores the clinical and demographic characteristics of chronic heart failure (CHF) among middle-aged and elderly populations in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. The study analyzes the age-related progression, gender differences, and the influence of comorbid conditions such as hypertension, ischemic heart disease, diabetes, and renal dysfunction on the course of CHF. Results indicate that older patients exhibit more severe CHF symptoms, with a higher prevalence of preserved ejection fraction in elderly women and increased renal complications. The findings highlight the need for region-specific approaches to the diagnosis, monitoring, and management of CHF in aging populations.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: comorbidities
  topic: keywords
creator: Sultonnazarova Gulira'no Shuxratbekovna
creator: Djumaniyazova Zulhumor Farkhodovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-07
publication date: 2025-05-07
starting page: 5
ending page: 9

STUDY OF COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT DYNAMICS IN PARKINSON’S DISEASE IN THE KHOREZM REGION
type: item
description: This study explores the prevalence and characteristics of cognitive impairment among Parkinson’s disease patients in the Khorezm region of Uzbekistan. It highlights the major clinical and demographic factors influencing cognitive decline, including age, disease duration, and socio-economic status. The research underscores the urgent need for early screening and integrated multidisciplinary care strategies tailored to regional needs. By analyzing both motor and non-motor symptoms in a local context, the study provides valuable insights for healthcare practitioners and policymakers aiming to enhance the management and quality of life for Parkinson’s patients in Central Asia.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Cognitive impairment
  topic: keywords
creator: Gurbangulyev Hezretguly
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-07
publication date: 2025-05-07
starting page: 1
ending page: 4

DEVELOPMENT OF A HIGH-SELECTIVITY BIOSENSOR FOR RAPID DETECTION OF COVID-19 USING ELECTRODE INTERDIGITATED (IDE) PROBE-TARGET HYBRIDIZATION
type: item
description: Here, we compared the performance of the APTES+Probe biosensor for DNA detection with and without Tween-20 at various time intervals. To determine the sensitivity and specificity of the biosensor, the biosensor response was examined in the presence of complementary as well as mismatched DNA. The first reading indicated a 2.97 E-08 A for a sample of APTES+Probe after 10 minutes, then increased to 3.10 E-08 A for complementary DNA, and then decreased back down to 2.50 E-08 A for mismatched DNA. In these experimental conditions, current increased to 4.10E-08 A with the addition of Tween-20. Current for APTES+Probe also decreased with time to 4.71E−09 A at 60 min. The decrease in current was from 3.10E-08 A to 4.90E-09 A for complementary DNA and from 4.50E-09 A to 2.50E-08 A for matched DNA after 20 min of incubation, respectively, and the same incubation in Tween-20 showed the dropping, which had decreased the current values achieved from 10 min 4.10E-08 A to 30 min 5.42E-09 A, respectively. The results indicate that Tween-20 can improve the sensitivity (to complementary DNA) initially but reduce the response to the mismatched DNA (low response to most of them). Tween-20, for example, is beneficial to immunological detection in the initial applications but decreases its effectiveness as the application is prolonged, hinting at modulation possibilities [20]. These results suggest that Tween-20 has an effect on the performance of biosensors and show how useful this method could be for quickly and accurately finding DNA fragments.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Covid
  topic: keywords
subject: Biosensor
  topic: keywords
subject: Interdigitated Electrode (IDE)
  topic: keywords
subject: Selectivity
  topic: keywords
subject: complement
  topic: keywords
subject: Non-complement
  topic: keywords
creator: A Wesam Al-Mufti
creator: Akram A. Khalaf
creator: kadhim H. Suffer
creator: Fadhil Yousif Hammadi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-06
publication date: 2025-05-06
starting page: 98
ending page: 113

A SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO UNDERSTANDING THE COMPLEXITIES OF BREAST CANCER DURING PREGNANCY AND FOCUSING ON DIAGNOSTIC CHALLENGES, THERAPEUTIC STRATEGIES, AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES
type: item
description: The study will provide an in-depth, systematic review of breast cancer in pregnancy, focusing on diagnostic limitations, treatment options, and clinical prognosis. Breast cancer is the most common cancer in pregnant women, with an incidence of approximately 1 in 3000-10,000 pregnancies worldwide. Physiological changes of pregnancy, including increased breast density, complicate diagnosis by either masking tumours or mimicking benign lesions, often leading to delays in diagnosis or misinterpretation of the condition. Conventional imaging modalities, such as mammography, are contraindicated due to fetal radiation exposure, precluding their routine use for such investigations in favour of ultrasound (sensitivity: 85-90%) and MRI (used in about 15% of cases, but with contraindications to gadolinium). Conditions such as breast tenderness overlapping with normal pregnancy changes add to the challenge of making an accurate diagnosis, which requires strict criteria for assessment. The study's key findings underscore the necessity for multidisciplinary care involving obstetricians, oncologists, and radiologists to address the diagnostic and therapeutic complexities inherent in this condition. The psychosocial support function is especially important, given that the intersection of cancer and pregnancy doubles the anxiety burden. Surgical and chemotherapeutic interventions undertaken in the second/third trimester have been shown to preserve favourable short-term outcomes, while the importance of ongoing monitoring of both fetal development and maternal mental health is underscored. The study emphasises that early diagnosis and personalised treatment can achieve outcomes similar to those in non-pregnant patients, although evidence concerning the safety of combined chemotherapy and advanced imaging techniques is still lacking. It is therefore recommended that further studies continue to optimize care for this vulnerable population by streamlining protocols.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Challenges, Strategies, Systematic, Cancer, Pregnancy, Fetal, radiation, MRI, Therapeutic management
  topic: keywords
creator: Dr. ZAYDOON ABDULAMEER HAMZA AL-JEBUR
creator: Dr. SUAD SHEHAB AL DEEN AHMED
creator: Dr. ALI HAMEL MOHAISEN
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Valeology: International Journal of Medical Anthropology and Bioethics (2995-4924)
date: 2025-04-30
publication date: 2025-04-30
starting page: 98
ending page: 107

CHEMICAL TOXICITY OF ARSENIC IN DRINKING WATER AND ITS EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH IN IRAQ WASIT (AL-HAY)
type: item
description: Water and other environmental elements are necessary to all forms of life in addition to the future of the world. Poor sanitation and tainted water are linked to the spread of diseases like polio, cholera, dysentery, hepatitis A, typhoid, kidney disease, and diarrhea. People who have access to subpar, mismanaged, or nonexistent water and sanitation facilities run the risk of developing avoidable illnesses. Arsenic is one of the most toxic elements in nature, and its presence in the drinking water represents a dangerous environmental indicator because it affected many of the human body organs, such as cardiovascular, hematologic, hepatic, neurological, renal, and respiratory; it cannot be easily eliminated from the body. In this research, 7 locations have been studied to detect the arsenic level in water. The results of the study found that the concentrations of arsenic in water samples were (0-0.05) ppm for raw water, (0-0.05) ppm for tap water (0-0.27) ppm, and for RO water (0-0.18) ppm, while the value of WHO is (0.01) ppm.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Water pollution
  topic: keywords
subject: chemical toxicity
  topic: keywords
subject: arsenic
  topic: keywords
subject: health impacts
  topic: keywords
creator: Mohammad Yahya R Al-Yasiri
creator: Hadi D Alattabi
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-05
publication date: 2025-05-05
starting page: 91
ending page: 97

INVESTIGATING THE IMPACT OF SINGLE SLOTTED FLAPS ON WING AERODYNAMICS: A CFD STUDY ON THE CESSNA C208B
type: item
description: Two interacting boundary layers create a three-dimensional separation when fluid flows through a wing. The performance of the airfoil may be negatively impacted by the secondary flow that results from this separation. Up until now, airplanes have frequently used slotted flaps that can avoid separation and lower the resistance value. The current work presents an experimental and numerical investigation into the performance and aerodynamics characteristics of a new single-slotted flap mounted on a Cessna 208b Grand Caravan wing. Numerical simulation using the ANSYS-Commercial CFD package is the approach used herein. A revised Cessna 208b wing with a Grand Caravan single-slotted flap in three flap angles of αF = 0°, 15°, and 30° that researches the performance on its aerodynamics. Ranging from angles of attack α = 0°, 8°, 14°, 16°, and 18°. The fluid used is air, and under conditions of stability, has a cruise speed of 96 m/s at sea level altitude. Observe that a Cessna C208b Grand Caravan aircraft performance and wing's aerodynamic properties will be changed, which has been obtained in the addition of flap angle through simulation. As seen, it can be clearly told that at higher angles of attack with flow separation, because of intensification of turbulence, a higher flap angle may lower the value to 10.20 at αF = 30° and α = 8° at 96 m/s. However, at low angles of attack, the addition of the flap angle at αF = 0° and α = 8° may yield a higher value of CL/CD, amounting to 13.80, which is an indication of better aerodynamic efficiency. The vorticity patterns observed also indicate larger and more dispersed vortices at higher flap angles, contributing to drag buildup and reduced efficiency.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics)
  topic: keywords
subject: Pressure Coefficient (Cp)
  topic: keywords
subject: Lift to Drag Ratio (CL/CD)
  topic: keywords
subject: single slotted flap
  topic: keywords
subject: Aerodynamic Performance
  topic: keywords
creator: Mhmood H. Hami
creator: Nadhim M. Faleh
rights: Copyright (c) 2025
date: 2025-05-01
publication date: 2025-05-01
starting page: 81
ending page: 90