The Silent Epidemic: The Bullying Among Children in Philippine Schools

Abstract

This systematic literature review investigates the intricate landscape of bullying in Philippine schools, focusing on prevalence, cultural dynamics, mental health implications, and the effectiveness of anti-bullying interventions. Drawing on diverse studies spanning various regions of the Philippines, our findings reveal a pervasive pattern of bullying encompassing physical, verbal, and relational aggression. Cultural factors, including 'hiya' (shame), hierarchical structures, and collectivist norms, emerge as influential determinants shaping bullying dynamics. The study underscores the significant impact of bullying on the mental health of Filipino students, with consistent associations between victimization and heightened levels of anxiety, depression, and even suicidal ideation. In response, we advocate for integrated mental health support structures within the educational framework to proactively address the psychological consequences of bullying. Evaluation of anti-bullying policies and interventions, including initiatives like the Child Protection Policy, highlights the need for comprehensive, school-wide approaches. However, the varying effectiveness of interventions emphasizes the necessity for continuous evaluation and adaptation to address the evolving nature of bullying. In conclusion, our study contributes to a nuanced understanding of bullying in Philippine schools, offering insights for the development of culturally sensitive interventions and comprehensive strategies that prioritize the well-being of students.