Challenges in Teaching Languages to Young Learners vs. Adults

Main Article Content

Rasulova Dilfuza Urinbaevna

Abstract

This article explores the challenges faced in teaching languages to young learners versus adults, focusing on cognitive, social, and motivational differences. It addresses how these factors influence language acquisition and the strategies that can be employed to optimize language teaching for different age groups. By analyzing the contrasting characteristics of young learners and adults, the article aims to provide educators with a deeper understanding of age-related differences that affect the language learning process, ultimately promoting more effective teaching practices.

Article Details

Section

Articles

How to Cite

Rasulova Dilfuza Urinbaevna. (2025). Challenges in Teaching Languages to Young Learners vs. Adults. Excellencia: International Multi-Disciplinary Journal of Education (2994-9521), 3(1), 138-141. https://doi.org/10.5281/

References

Ellis, R. (2008). The study of second language acquisition (2nd ed.). Oxford University Press.

Lightbown, P. M., & Spada, N. (2013). How languages are learned (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.

Snow, C. E. (2010). Academic language and the challenge of reading for learning about science. Science, 328(5977), 450-452.

Vygotsky, L. S. (1978). Mind in society: The development of higher psychological processes. Harvard University Press.

Dornyei, Z. (2005). The psychology of the language learner: Individual differences in second language acquisition. Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

Krashen, S. D. (1982). Principles and Practice in Second Language Acquisition. Pergamon Press.

Gardner, R. C., & Lambert, W. E. (1972). Attitudes and Motivation in Second Language Learning. Newbury House.

Schmidt, R. (1990). The Role of Consciousness in Second Language Learning. Applied Linguistics, 11(2), 129-158.

Swain, M. (1985). Communicative Competence: Some Roles of Comprehensible Input and Output in Its Development. In S. Gass & C. Madden (Eds.), Input in Second Language Acquisition (pp. 235-253). Newbury House.

Krashen, S. D. (1985). The Input Hypothesis: Issues and Implications. Longman