Efficiency Indicators of Financial Resources and Financing in the Forestry Sector of Uzbekistan
Keywords:
Forestry, financing, grant funding, concessional loans, private investment, efficiency, CPH (cost per hectare), financial leverage, seedling survival rate, CO₂ sequestration, “Yashil Makon” (Green Nation initiative), landscape restoration, MRV (Monitoring, Reporting and Verification), ecosystem servicesAbstract
The article analyzes financial resource flows in Uzbekistan’s forestry sector during 2019–2024 and their impact on efficiency. The database draws on state budget execution reports, statistics from the Ministry of Ecology, and project documentation from FAO, GEF/UNDP, and the World Bank. Monetary indicators were adjusted for inflation using 2019=100 indexation; efficiency was assessed through indicators such as cost per hectare (CPH), cost per seedling (CPS), seedling survival rate, financial leverage (donor + private/public), and the CO₂ per soum metric. The findings indicate that while the state budget has retained its foundational role, the share of grants and concessional loans has increased. At the same time, CPH has declined, and improvements have been observed in seedling survival rates and CO₂ efficiency. The discussion substantiates the need to attract private capital, expand results-based financing mechanisms, and strengthen MRV-based digital monitoring systems. The conclusion offers recommendations on establishing a sustainable financing architecture, implementing territorially differentiated management approaches, and introducing payment mechanisms for ecosystem services.
