Abstract
This article reviews methods for early diagnosis and treatment of common dental diseases in the general population. Dental diseases such as caries, periodontitis and oral cancer remain common and pose significant health problems. Early detection is critical to prevent progression of these conditions and improve patient outcomes. The article reviews a variety of diagnostic modalities, including visual examinations, radiographic imaging, and new technologies such as salivary diagnostics and biomarkers. It also evaluates treatment options ranging from preventative care and minimally invasive techniques to advanced surgical interventions. Public health strategies and patient education are emphasized as essential components of comprehensive dental care.