Epistemic Modality: a Comparative Analysis of Subjective and Objective Expressions
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Abstract
Epistemic modality (EM) plays a crucial role in linguistic theory, distinguishing between subjective and objective assessments of truth and probability. This paper explores the categorization of epistemic modality, highlighting the differentiation between subjective epistemic modality (SEM) and objective epistemic modality (OEM). Drawing from various linguistic theories, including those of J. Lyons and M. Halliday, we examine the role of modal markers in conveying certainty, probability, doubt, and belief. The paper further classifies EM markers into explicit and implicit categories, analyzing their syntactic and semantic functions in discourse. The findings underscore the dynamic nature of epistemic evaluation, demonstrating how linguistic structures shape speaker intent and audience interpretation.
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