Study of the Methods Used to Manufacture Nanomaterials

Abstract

The interdisciplinary topic of nanomaterial manufacturing encompasses engineering, chemistry, biology, physics, and materials science. It is certain that new materials with specific qualities will be produced as a result of collaboration between scientists from other fields. In order to design products that are directly transferred into the industrial sector and to stay informed about future issues and demands, the success of nanomanufacturing hinges on the close collaboration between academics and industry. There are two approaches to producing a material at a nanoscale: the top-down approach begins with a tangible size of the material being studied and gradually reduces it to the nanoscale. This involves the use of light drilling, cutting, scraping, and grinding processes. The smallest scale that can be obtained with these procedures is within 100 nanometers, and research is still ongoing to acquire smaller sizes than that. These techniques have been used to attain minuscule electronic substances, such as computer chips and others. The other method works from the bottom up, or bottom-up, starting with single molecules as the smallest unit and building up to a larger structure. These methods are typically chemical in nature, and they are distinguished by their ability to produce products that are small (one nanometer in size), reduce material waste, and increase bonding strength among the resulting nanoparticles.