Anemia and First Pregnancy: the Necessity of Treatment and Prevention

Abstract

Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is one of the most common complications during pregnancy, significantly impacting both maternal and fetal health. First-time pregnancies (primigravida) are particularly vulnerable due to unadapted iron reserves and increased physiological demands. The study examines the prevalence, risk factors, prevention, and treatment strategies for IDA in pregnant women, with a focus on Uzbekistan. The findings indicate that iron deficiency increases the risk of obstetric complications, including preterm birth, fetal growth restriction, and postpartum hemorrhage. The research highlights the importance of early screening and iron supplementation, particularly with modern, sustained-release formulations, to enhance treatment efficacy and improve pregnancy outcomes. Clinical trials demonstrate that the use of prolonged-release iron supplements effectively increases hemoglobin levels, improves maternal well-being, and reduces the incidence of perinatal complications. Addressing IDA through timely diagnosis and intervention is essential for optimizing maternal and neonatal health, reinforcing the need for comprehensive iron deficiency prevention programs.